Method of applying a modified wrinkle finish coating to a base



Nov. 27, 195] Fl$HER,'JR 2,576,290

. METHOD OF APPLYING A MODIFIED WRINKLE' FINISH COATING To A BASE FiledD90 29, 1949 FIG.4

INVENTOR JOHN R. FISHER an ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 27, 1951 UNITEDSTATES li/I'ETHOD F APPLYING A MODIFIED WRIN- KLE FINISH-COATING TO' ABASE John R. Fisher, Jr, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to New Wrinkle; Incl,Dayton, Ohio, a corpora- 't'i'on" of Delaware TNT OFFICE ApplicationDecember 29, 194:9, Serial No, 135,7790

1 Claim.

kles in wrinkle coating compositions have been suggested in earlierpatents. One such method is to position the coated base at an angle tothe horizontal while wet so that flow will cause increased depth ofcoating at various points, which upon drying give rise to the so oalledpine tree effect.

In another patent it is suggested that wrinkle inhibitors, such as rosinbe applied to limited areas of the surface on which the wrinkle finishesare to be developed. The effect of this material is to dissolve in thewrinkle composition, thus reducing the rugosity of" the wrinkle in theover laying wrinkle composition, all wrinkles in the area being ofrelatively the same'rugosity.

It is an object of this invention -toprovide a 2 ning is caused by acapillary flow along the top of the wrinkle ridges.

When any runningdces' occur it enhances the decorative effect wherethere are two different colors, because the running tends to bealong-the line" of accentuated rugosity, thus giving the opticalillusion that numerous color lines'inter- -lconnect the nuclei,althoughclose examination will show that a continueusline between nucleioccurs .invery rare ns anc I?he droplets maybe, scattered assmalldiscreet se r ted uni s. by pas i h high Vi os y 'lvarnish orenamel in a short blast through the wrinkle coating having anaccentuated wrinkle v to be decorated. This base coat is allowed todry'until a skin is formed but not until wrinkling has been initiated.

Onto this skinned-over surface is deposited a multiplicity ofsmalldroplets of a high viscosity composition, such as a'wrinklingvarnish, anonwrinkling varnish, an enamel, and like coating materials.

The small droplets should be ofsuch highvis-V cosity material that thesmall segregatedsliots are relatively non-flowing in character; anyrunning of the droplets takes place, the run When number of droplets persquare inch will neces-- sarily depend upon the proximity of the gun tothe surface being sprayed and the length of time of the blast.

For this purpose a varnish having a viscosity in the range ofapproximately 2.5 poises to 5 .5 poises is generally utilized, althoughunder carefully controlled conditions viscosities outside thisrangemaybe used.

Particle size of the spatter coat depends upon individual choice. Thesmaller the particlesand thefgreater number of individual particles,however, the greater number of lines of accentuated rugosity.

A typical spatter coat will deposit 15 to segregated droplets ranginginparticle' size from onethousandths of an inch to three-thirty secondsof'an-i nch.

The scattered droplets may be of a wrinkling or non-wrinklingcomposition. A two tone distinctive decorative eiiect may, for example,be obtained by spattering a brilliant color, such as red, on abackground such as green or gray.

These scattered particles of the spatter coat act as nuclei; Accentuatedwrinkles radiate from these nuclei and run from one nucleus to the next.These accentuated wrinkles are distinct from the regular wrinkles oflesser rugosity which appear on the surface of the area encircled by theaccentuated wrinkles.

While materials of any color different from thato-f the wrinkle coatingbring about the two tone. result desired, an especially beautiful efiectis obtained if said spatter coat is of comple- I mentary-color withregard to said base coat.

' articleissubiected tov force dry n at t peraa: tures in the range of150 to 250 degrees F. This drying may be carried out in the customarybaking oven or in any equivalent devices known in the art.

In the following, several examples are given which are for the purposesof illustration, but not by way of limitation:

, Example I Base wrinkle coating composition:

Base varnish:

the product was almost gelled. Thereafter the drier, the linseed oil andthe other 50 lbs. of the resin were immediately admixed and the productcooled to 350 F., whereafter the naphtha was added.

Pigment base:

In a separate batch a pigment base was prepared by mixing:

15 parts by weight base varnish 8 parts by weight naphtha 10 parts byweight rutile titanium oxide 9.8 parts by weight rutile titanium-calcium3 parts by weight yellow iron oxide 0.2 parts by weight lamp black Thefinal base wrinkle coating composition was then obtained by mixing:

46% by weight pigment base 39% by weight base varnish 5% by weight leadnaphthenate 10% by weight naphtha solvent The composition thus preparedyielded a coating of a light silver-gray color. Spatter composition:

The spatter coating was obtained by mixing:

% by weight pigmented varnish base 60% by weight phenol-formaldehyderesin 5 by weight lead linoleate and cobalt linoleate 5 by weight VM andP naphtha The pigmented varnish base used in the above formula wasobtained by heat bodying 2.5 gals. of oiticica oil and 2.5 gals. ofdehydrated castor oil until a viscosity of about Z-6 was obtained and bythen adding 100 lbs. of phenol formaldehyde resin. The mixture washeated to approximately 560 F. until the mass was homogeneous.Thereafter 20 more gallons of a bodied mixture of oiticica anddehydrated castor oil were slowly added to the product and the massheated to a temperature of from 560 to 575 degrees F. until homogeneous.The mixture was then cooled and thinned with so much VM and P naphtha asto obtain a viscosity of approximately 3 poises. To 63% of this varnishbase, a mixture of 2% toluidine and of asbestine were added and thismixture then ground.

The composition obtained had a deep red color.-

When spattered on the article provided with the first base wrinkle coat,it formed red nuclei from 4 Example II Clear wrinkle varnish base: 7

100 lbs. phenol formaldehyde resin 7 lbs. lead acetate 18 gals. Chinawood oil 2 gals. heavy bodied linseed oil 10 gals. xylol 24 gals. toluolThis varnish was prepared by first heating the wood oil and 50 lbs. ofphenol formaldehyde resin to a top heat of 560 F. Thereafter the kettleis pulled and the fluid allowed to cool to approximately 540 F. and heldat this temperature until there is a slight string off a test rod.

There is then added to the mixture lead acetate in a careful manner toavoid foaming. When all of the lead has been added the linseed oil andthe remaining 50 lbs. of phenol formaldehyde resin are added. Themixture is then stirred until the phenol formaldehyde resin isdissolved. The mixture is then cooled to 350 and thinned with solvent toa viscosity C (G-H scale).

Pigment base may be prepared by mixing:

lbs. Lithopone /2 lb. Lampblack 4% lbs. Magnesium silicate 70 gals.Clear wrinkle varnish base 1 gal. Cobalt naphthenate This compositionyields a gray wrinkle composition.

A maroon spatter wrinkling overspray was obtained by mixing:

78 lbs. Red iron oxide 29 lbs. Magnesium silicate 3 lbs. Lampblack '74gals. Phthalic acid-glycerol resin (alkyd) 1 gal. Cobalt naphthenate 16gals. Toluol This mixture thinned with toluol has a viscosity ofapproximately 3.6 poises.

The composition has a maroon color.

It wrinkles in the spatter with a wrinkle characteristic of this type ofwrinkle composition.

Ezrample III Spatter composition A non-wrinkling spatter coating wasobtained by mixing:

2% lbs. Toluidine toner 2 lbs. Magnesium silicate 1 gals. Clear wrinklevarnish base 8 gals. Short oil varnish The short oil varnish used in theabove formula was obtained by heating tung oil and phenol formaldehyderesin, and thinning the cooked mixture until a viscosity ofapproximately 4 poises was obtained.

This composition has a bright red color when spattered on the article;provided with a first base wrinkle coating of the nature of Example II,it forms smooth red nuclei upon a background of wrinkled gray base coat.

In the accompanying drawings an embodiment of my process is illustrated.There:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a panel while being coated by means ofa spray gun;

Figure 2 shows the same panel after the coating has been applied;

Figure 3 shows the panel while the second enamel coating is beingspattered thereon by means of another spray gun;

Figure 4 is a section through a drying furnace in which the coated panelis being baked; and

Figure 5 is a enlarged view (four magnification) of a piece of thefinished panel showing the red nuclei from which the wrinkles radiate.

Referring to Figure 1 in particular, I9 is a panel to be coated and l la spray gun from which a wrinkle coating composition [2 is being sprayedonto the panel I0. After the coating has been applied, the panel I withthe coating of wrinkle composition I2 is allowed to air-dry, as shown inFigure 2.

The application of the second layer, namely, the enamel layer, is shownin Figure 3. There, the panel It), provided with the coat l2, obtainsscattered spots I5 of an enamel. This enamel, which is of differentcolor than the composition of the first coat, is applied with a spraygun H3.

The panel, which is still free from wrinkles, is then subjected to aforced drying or baking process. For this purpose it is introduced intoa drying furnace I6 (Figure 4). There, the panel I!) having thewrinkling coating composition 12 and the nuclei l5 thereon is suspendedfrom a support l1. A heating device l8 provides for the necessarytemperature. v

The result of the process of my invention is shown in Figure 5 where thefinished panel is shown on an enlarged scale. It is obvious from thisdrawing that the wrinkles l9 start out and radiate from the nuclei Hi.In the area circumscribed by the wrinkles l9, are the natural base coatwrinkles 20.

It will be understood that the process and the article of my inventionare not dependent upon any specific coating composition. A succession ofany wrinkle coating composition with any enamel coating composition maybeused satisfactorily. While the efiect of my invention may be obtainedwith any such two types of compositions, one being a wrinkle compositionand the other one an enamel, if of difierent colors, the best and moststriking results, however, are

obtained if the colors of the two compositions are of complementarycolors.

It will also be understood that while there have been described hereincertain specific embodiments of my invention, it is not intended therebyto have it limited to or circumscribed by the specific details given,since my invention is susceptible to various modifications and changesthat come within the spirit of the specification and the scope of theappended claims.

I claim:

A method of providing articles with a wrinkle finish decorative coatingwherein the wrinkle finish comprises two appreciable different wrinklerugosities which comprises the steps of (a) applying to the surface ofthe article to be finished a wrinkle-drying coating compositioncomprising phenol formaldehyde resin, wrinkle-drying oil, a solvent, anddrier, b) drying said coating for approximately 15 minutes to form askin over the surface thereof 'then before wrinkling has been initiated,(c) applying a spattering coat consisting of a plurality of segregateddroplets of a pigmented resinous oil liquid coating composition having aviscosity of approximately 2.5 to 5.5 poises and is of a different colorfrom the wrinkle coating composition, and (d) drying said coating at atemperature between about and 250 F., to produce a wrinkle-finish onsaid article having accentuated wrinkles formed between said segregateddroplets as nuclei and fine wrinkles in the area encircled by Thefollowing references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,831,323 Root Nov. 10, 19311,896,594 Root Feb. 7, 1933

